112 research outputs found
Portals of Globalization â: An Introduction
Die Kategorie der Portale der Globalisierung wurde in die Globalisierungsforschung eingefĂŒhrt, um die Verankerung und Artikulation globaler Ströme an bestimmten Orten zu untersuchen. So wird sichtbar, wie GrenzĂŒberschreitung und deren Regulierung auf verschiedenen Handlungsebenen verknĂŒpft sind, und wie Akteure an diesen Orten globale Verlechtungen lenken. VerĂ€nderungen der Position dieser Orte in globalen Netzwerken zeigen Reichweite, Funktion und Wandel globaler Verbindungen sowie Verschiebungen rĂ€umlicher Ordnungen an. Dieses Doppelheft nimmt Debatten zur HistorizitĂ€t, regionalen Unterschieden und rĂ€umlichen KomplexitĂ€t von Globalisierungsprozessen auf und stĂ€rkt vor diesem Hintergrund die empirische Bandbreite der Forschung. Die Autoren analysieren historische und gegenwĂ€rtige Portale der Globalisierung aus verschiedenen disziplinĂ€ren Perspektiven und mit unterschiedlichen regionalen Schwerpunkten. Ein besonderer Fokus der BeitrĂ€ge liegt auf Untersuchungen zu Afrika, Asien und Lateinamerika. Dies trĂ€gt dazu bei, Vorstellungen ĂŒber die Zentren und Peripherien der Globalisierung, die Mechanismen und Ausrichtung von Zirkulationen, und die Asymmetrien globaler Verlechtungen zu ĂŒberprĂŒfen. Portals of globalization is an analytical category introduced in globalization research to investigate how global lows are anchored and articulated in particular places. It has been used to analyse the way lows and controls come together on multiple scales, and how actors in these places actively manage global entanglements. Consequently, the changing positionality of these places in global networks can reveal the scope, function, and transformation of global connections and shifting spatial orders. Stemming from research debates on the historicity, regional diference, and spatial complexity of globalization processes, this issue seeks to strengthen empirical insights from diferent disciplinary and regional perspectives. It brings together research on past and present portals of globalization to facilitate the dialogue across disciplines in the social sciences and humanities. A special focus on a variety of local and regional contexts in Africa, Asia, and Latin America allows us to re-evaluate assumptions about the centres and peripheries of globalization processes, the mechanisms and directionality of circulations, and the asymmetries in global connectedness
Konferenzbericht
5. EuropÀisches Symposium zur VerstÀndlichkeit von Rechtsvorschriften des Bundesministeriums der Justiz und
fĂŒr Verbraucherschutz, vom 11. MĂ€rz 202
Coccolithophore productivity at the western Iberian Margin during the Middle Pleistocene (310â455âka) â evidence from coccolith SrâCa data
Coccolithophores contribute significantly to marine
primary productivity and play a unique role in ocean biogeochemistry
by using carbon for photosynthesis (soft-tissue
pump) and for calcification (carbonate counter pump). Despite
the importance of including coccolithophores in Earth
system models to allow better predictions of the climate systemâs
responses to planetary change, the reconstruction of
coccolithophore productivity mostly relied on proxies dependent
on accumulation and sedimentation rates and preservation
conditions. In this study we used an independent proxy,
based on the coccolith fraction (CF) Sr=Ca ratio, to reconstruct
coccolithophore productivity. We studied the marine
sediment core MD03-2699 from the western Iberian margin
(IbM), concentrating on glacialâinterglacial cycles of Marine
Isotopic Stage (MIS) 12 to MIS 9. We found that IbM coccolithophore
productivity was controlled by changes in the
oceanographic conditions, such as in sea surface temperature
(SST) and nutrient availability, and by competition with
other phytoplankton groups. Long-term coccolithophore productivity
was primarily affected by variations in the dominant
surface water mass. Polar and subpolar surface waters
during glacial substages were associated with decreased
coccolithophore productivity, with the strongest productivity
minima concomitant with Heinrich-type events (HtEs). Subtropical, nutrient-poorer waters, increased terrigenous input,
and moderate to strong upwelling during the deglaciation
and early MIS11 are hypothesized to have attributed a
competitive advantage to diatoms to the detriment of coccolithophores,
resulting in intermediate coccolithophore productivity
levels. During the progression towards full glacial
conditions an increasing presence of nutrient-richer waters,
related to the growing influence of transitional surface waters
and/or intensified upwelling, probably stimulated coccolithophore
productivity to maxima following the rapid depletion
of silica by diatoms. We present conceptual models
of the carbon and carbonate cycle components for the IbM
in different time slices that might serve as a basis for further
investigation and modelling experiments.Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia CCMAR (UID/Multi/04326/2019), (IF/01500/2014).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Best-bet integrated strategies for containing drug-resistant trypanosomes in cattle
Background African animal trypanosomosis is a major constraint to the rearing
of productive livestock in the sub-humid Sudan-Sahel zone of West Africa where
cotton is grown. Trypanosomosis is mainly controlled using trypanocidal drugs,
but the effective use of drugs is threatened by the development of widespread
resistance. This study tested integrated best-bet strategies for containment
and/ or reversal of trypanocide resistance in villages in south-east Mali
where resistance has been reported. Methods Four sentinel villages each from
an intervention area (along the road from Mali to Burkina Faso) and a control
area (along the road from Mali to CĂŽte dâIvoire) were selected for the study.
Tsetse control was based on deltamethrin-treated stationary attractive devices
and targeted cattle spraying between March 2008 and November 2009.
Trypanosome-positive cattle were selectively treated with 3.5âmg/kg diminazene
aceturate. Strategic helminth control using 10âmg/kg albendazole was also
undertaken. During the intervention, tsetse densities along drainage lines,
trypanosome infections and faecal egg counts in risk cattle (3 to 12âmonths of
age) were monitored. Results Catch reductions of 66.5â% in Glossina palpalis
gambiensis and 90â% in G. tachinoides were observed in the intervention area.
Trypanosome prevalence was significantly (pâ<â0.05) lower in the intervention
area (2.3â%; 1.3-3.6â%) compared to the control area (17.3â%; 14.8-20.1â%).
Albendazole treatment resulted in a faecal egg count reduction of 55.6â% and
reduced trypanosome infection risk (2.9 times lower than in the placebo group)
although not significantly (pâ>â0.05). Further studies are required before
confirming the existence of albendazole resistant strongyles in the study
area. Conclusion Integration of best-bet strategies in areas of multiple drug-
resistance is expected to reduce trypanosome infection risk thus contributing
to containment of trypanocidal drug resistance. Integrated best-bet strategies
could therefore be considered a viable trypanosomosis control option
especially in areas where multiple drug-resistance has been reported
Managing granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease in common variable immunodeficiency disorders : e-GLILDnet International Clinicians Survey
Background Granulomatous-lymphocytic interstitial lung disease (GLILD) is a rare, potentially severe pulmonary complication of common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID). Informative clinical trials and consensus on management are lacking. Aims The European GLILD network (e-GLILDnet) aims to describe how GLILD is currently managed in clinical practice and to determine the main uncertainties and unmet needs regarding diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Methods The e-GLILDnet collaborators developed and conducted an online survey facilitated by the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) between February-April 2020. Results were analyzed using SPSS. Results One hundred and sixty-one responses from adult and pediatric pulmonologists and immunologists from 47 countries were analyzed. Respondents treated a median of 27 (interquartile range, IQR 82-maximum 500) CVID patients, of which a median of 5 (IQR 8-max 200) had GLILD. Most respondents experienced difficulties in establishing the diagnosis of GLILD and only 31 (19%) had access to a standardized protocol. There was little uniformity in diagnostic or therapeutic interventions. Fewer than 40% of respondents saw a definite need for biopsy in all cases or performed bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnostics. Sixty-six percent used glucocorticosteroids for remission-induction and 47% for maintenance therapy; azathioprine, rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil were the most frequently prescribed steroid-sparing agents. Pulmonary function tests were the preferred modality for monitoring patients during follow-up. Conclusions These data demonstrate an urgent need for clinical studies to provide more evidence for an international consensus regarding management of GLILD. These studies will need to address optimal procedures for definite diagnosis and a better understanding of the pathogenesis of GLILD in order to provide individualized treatment options. Non-availability of well-established standardized protocols risks endangering patients
Potenzial biogener AbfÀlle im Freistaat Sachsen
Untersucht wurden das tatsÀchliche und potenzielle Aufkommen und die Behandlung biogener AbfÀlle und Reststoffe im Freistaat Sachsen.
FĂŒr die im Haushalt anfallenden KĂŒchen- und GrĂŒnschnittabfĂ€lle ergibt sich eine potenzielle Sammelmenge von insgesamt 528.759 Mg bzw. 125 kg je Einwohner und Jahr. FĂŒr GrĂŒnschnitt ergeben sich vor allem im Bereich der PflegemaĂnahmen auf öffentlichen FlĂ€chen und der Landschaftspflege Mengenpotenziale fĂŒr die Verwertung.
Mit der Vermeidung von SpeiseabfÀllen, der Intensivierung der Erfassung und der effizienten Verwertung der biogenen AbfÀlle und Reststoffe zeigen sich positive Effekte auf die Klimabilanz
DIMA - Annotation Guidelines for German Intonation
KĂŒgler F, Smolibocki B, Arnold D, et al. DIMA - Annotation Guidelines for German Intonation. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Glasgow, Scotland; 2015: 317.This paper presents newly developed guidelines for
prosodic annotation of German as a consensus
system agreed upon by German intonologists. The
DIMA system is rooted in the framework of
autosegmental-metrical phonology. One important
goal of the consensus is to make exchanging data
between groups easier since German intonation is
currently annotated according to different models.
To this end, we aim to provide guidelines that are
easy to learn. The guidelines were evaluated running
an inter-annotator reliability study on three different
speech styles (read speech, monologue and
dialogue). The overall high Îș between 0.76 and 0.89
(depending on the speech style) shows that the
DIMA conventions can be applied successfully
DIMA - Annotation Guidelines for German Intonation
KĂŒgler F, Smolibocki B, Arnold D, et al. DIMA - Annotation Guidelines for German Intonation. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Glasgow, Scotland; 2015: 317.This paper presents newly developed guidelines for
prosodic annotation of German as a consensus
system agreed upon by German intonologists. The
DIMA system is rooted in the framework of
autosegmental-metrical phonology. One important
goal of the consensus is to make exchanging data
between groups easier since German intonation is
currently annotated according to different models.
To this end, we aim to provide guidelines that are
easy to learn. The guidelines were evaluated running
an inter-annotator reliability study on three different
speech styles (read speech, monologue and
dialogue). The overall high Îș between 0.76 and 0.89
(depending on the speech style) shows that the
DIMA conventions can be applied successfully
Coccolithophores as proxy of seawater changes at orbital-to-millennial scale during middle Pleistocene Marine Isotope Stages 14-9 in North Atlantic core MD01-2446
midlatitude North Atlantic, to reconstruct climatically induced sea surface water conditions throughout Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 14â9. The data are compared to new and available paleoenvironmental proxies from the same site as well as other nearby North Atlantic records that support the coccolithophore signature at glacialâinterglacial to millennial climate scale. Total coccolithophore absolute abundance increases during interglacials but abruptly drops during the colder glacial phases and deglaciations. Coccolithophore warm water taxa (wwt) indicate that MIS11c and MIS9e experienced warmer and more stable conditions throughout the whole photic zone compared to MIS13. MIS11 was a longâlasting warmer and stable interglacial characterized by a climate optimum during MIS11c when a more prominent influence of the subtropical front at the site is inferred. The wwt pattern also suggests distinct interstadial and stadial events lasting about 4â10 kyr. The glacial increases of Gephyrocapsa margereliâG. muellerae 3â4â”m along with higher values of Corg, additionally supported by the total alkenone abundance at Site U1313, indicate more productive surface waters, likely reflecting the migration of the polar front into the midlatitude North Atlantic. Distinctive peaks of G. margereliâmuellerae (>4â”m), C. pelagicus pelagicus , Neogloboquadrina pachyderma left coiling, and reworked nannofossils, combined with minima in total nannofossil accumulation rate, are tracers of Heinrichâtype events during MIS12 and MIS10. Additional Heinrichâtype events are suggested during MIS12 and MIS14 based on biotic proxies, and we discuss possible iceberg sources at these times. Our results improve the understanding of midâBrunhes paleoclimate and the impact on phytoplankton diversity in the midlatitude North Atlantic region.Provided by PTCRIS: 58282, C2007-FCT/319/2006info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
- âŠ